Syntax Highlighting in Blogger using Prettify

Prettify được thiết kế bởi Mike Samuel từ Google và được sử dụng để hiển thị đoạn code trên trang web một cách đẹp đẽ.  Nó là nhẹ và được tích hợp dễ dàng vào Blogger. Nó có bốn chủ đề khác nhau để lựa chọn và cũng hỗ trợ highlight ngôn ngữ C-like và XML-like. Trong hướng dẫn này, chúng ta sẽ biết làm thế nào để thực hiện nó trong blog của bạn và cũng có thể kiểm tra ra một số tùy chọn của nó. Bắt đầu thôi.





Các bước thực hiện:
Bước 1: Mở thiế lập Template

Bước 2: Add đoạn mã sau đây vào trước thẻ </body>

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parentNode=textNode.parentNode;parentNode.replaceChild(span,textNode);span.appendChild(textNode);if(sourceIndex<spanEnd){spans[spanIndex+1]=textNode=document.createTextNode(source.substring(end,spanEnd));parentNode.insertBefore(textNode,span.nextSibling)}}sourceIndex=end;if(sourceIndex>=spanEnd){spanIndex+=2}if(sourceIndex>=decEnd){decorationIndex+=2}}}finally{if(sourceNode){sourceNode.style.display=oldDisplay}}}var langHandlerRegistry={};function registerLangHandler(handler,fileExtensions){for(var i=fileExtensions.length;--i>=0;){var ext=fileExtensions[i];if(!langHandlerRegistry.hasOwnProperty(ext)){langHandlerRegistry[ext]=handler}else if(win['console']){console['warn']('cannot override language handler %s',ext)}}}function langHandlerForExtension(extension,source){if(!(extension&&langHandlerRegistry.hasOwnProperty(extension))){extension=/^\s*</.test(source)?'default-markup':'default-code'}return langHandlerRegistry[extension]}registerLangHandler(decorateSource,['default-code']);registerLangHandler(createSimpleLexer([],[[PR_PLAIN,/^[^<?]+/],[PR_DECLARATION,/^<!\w[^>]*(?:>|$)/],[PR_COMMENT,/^<\!--[\s\S]*?(?:-\->|$)/],['lang-',/^<\?([\s\S]+?)(?:\?>|$)/],['lang-',/^<%([\s\S]+?)(?:%>|$)/],[PR_PUNCTUATION,/^(?:<[%?]|[%?]>)/],['lang-',/^<xmp\b[^>]*>([\s\S]+?)<\/xmp\b[^>]*>/i],['lang-js',/^<script\b[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)(<\/script\b[^>]*>)/i],['lang-css',/^<style\b[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)(<\/style\b[^>]*>)/i],['lang-in.tag',/^(<\/?[a-z][^<>]*>)/i]]),['default-markup','htm','html','mxml','xhtml','xml','xsl']);registerLangHandler(createSimpleLexer([[PR_PLAIN,/^[\s]+/,null,' \t\r\n'],[PR_ATTRIB_VALUE,/^(?:\"[^\"]*\"?|\'[^\']*\'?)/,null,'\"\'']],[[PR_TAG,/^^<\/?[a-z](?:[\w.:-]*\w)?|\/?>$/i],[PR_ATTRIB_NAME,/^(?!style[\s=]|on)[a-z](?:[\w:-]*\w)?/i],['lang-uq.val',/^=\s*([^>\'\"\s]*(?:[^>\'\"\s\/]|\/(?=\s)))/],[PR_PUNCTUATION,/^[=<>\/]+/],['lang-js',/^on\w+\s*=\s*\"([^\"]+)\"/i],['lang-js',/^on\w+\s*=\s*\'([^\']+)\'/i],['lang-js',/^on\w+\s*=\s*([^\"\'>\s]+)/i],['lang-css',/^style\s*=\s*\"([^\"]+)\"/i],['lang-css',/^style\s*=\s*\'([^\']+)\'/i],['lang-css',/^style\s*=\s*([^\"\'>\s]+)/i]]),['in.tag']);registerLangHandler(createSimpleLexer([],[[PR_ATTRIB_VALUE,/^[\s\S]+/]]),['uq.val']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':CPP_KEYWORDS,'hashComments':true,'cStyleComments':true,'types':C_TYPES}),['c','cc','cpp','cxx','cyc','m']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':'null,true,false'}),['json']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':CSHARP_KEYWORDS,'hashComments':true,'cStyleComments':true,'verbatimStrings':true,'types':C_TYPES}),['cs']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':JAVA_KEYWORDS,'cStyleComments':true}),['java']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':SH_KEYWORDS,'hashComments':true,'multiLineStrings':true}),['bsh','csh','sh']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':PYTHON_KEYWORDS,'hashComments':true,'multiLineStrings':true,'tripleQuotedStrings':true}),['cv','py']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':PERL_KEYWORDS,'hashComments':true,'multiLineStrings':true,'regexLiterals':true}),['perl','pl','pm']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':RUBY_KEYWORDS,'hashComments':true,'multiLineStrings':true,'regexLiterals':true}),['rb']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':JSCRIPT_KEYWORDS,'cStyleComments':true,'regexLiterals':true}),['js']);registerLangHandler(sourceDecorator({'keywords':COFFEE_KEYWORDS,'hashComments':3,'cStyleComments':true,'multilineStrings':true,'tripleQuotedStrings':true,'regexLiterals':true}),['coffee']);registerLangHandler(createSimpleLexer([],[[PR_STRING,/^[\s\S]+/]]),['regex']);function applyDecorator(job){var opt_langExtension=job.langExtension;try{var sourceAndSpans=extractSourceSpans(job.sourceNode,job.pre);var source=sourceAndSpans.sourceCode;job.sourceCode=source;job.spans=sourceAndSpans.spans;job.basePos=0;langHandlerForExtension(opt_langExtension,source)(job);recombineTagsAndDecorations(job)}catch(e){if(win['console']){console['log'](e&&e['stack']?e['stack']:e)}}}function prettyPrintOne(sourceCodeHtml,opt_langExtension,opt_numberLines){var container=document.createElement('pre');container.innerHTML=sourceCodeHtml;if(opt_numberLines){numberLines(container,opt_numberLines,true)}var job={langExtension:opt_langExtension,numberLines:opt_numberLines,sourceNode:container,pre:1};applyDecorator(job);return container.innerHTML}function prettyPrint(opt_whenDone){function byTagName(tn){return document.getElementsByTagName(tn)}var codeSegments=[byTagName('pre'),byTagName('code'),byTagName('xmp')];var elements=[];for(var i=0;i<codeSegments.length;++i){for(var j=0,n=codeSegments[i].length;j<n;++j){elements.push(codeSegments[i][j])}}codeSegments=null;var clock=Date;if(!clock['now']){clock={'now':function(){return+(new Date)}}}var k=0;var prettyPrintingJob;var langExtensionRe=/\blang(?:uage)?-([\w.]+)(?!\S)/;var prettyPrintRe=/\bprettyprint\b/;var prettyPrintedRe=/\bprettyprinted\b/;var preformattedTagNameRe=/pre|xmp/i;var codeRe=/^code$/i;var preCodeXmpRe=/^(?:pre|code|xmp)$/i;function doWork(){var endTime=(win['PR_SHOULD_USE_CONTINUATION']?clock['now']()+250:Infinity);for(;k<elements.length&&clock['now']()<endTime;k++){var cs=elements[k];var className=cs.className;if(prettyPrintRe.test(className)&&!prettyPrintedRe.test(className)){var nested=false;for(var p=cs.parentNode;p;p=p.parentNode){var tn=p.tagName;if(preCodeXmpRe.test(tn)&&p.className&&prettyPrintRe.test(p.className)){nested=true;break}}if(!nested){cs.className+=' prettyprinted';var langExtension=className.match(langExtensionRe);var wrapper;if(!langExtension&&(wrapper=childContentWrapper(cs))&&codeRe.test(wrapper.tagName)){langExtension=wrapper.className.match(langExtensionRe)}if(langExtension){langExtension=langExtension[1]}var preformatted;if(preformattedTagNameRe.test(cs.tagName)){preformatted=1}else{var currentStyle=cs['currentStyle'];var whitespace=(currentStyle?currentStyle['whiteSpace']:(document.defaultView&&document.defaultView.getComputedStyle)?document.defaultView.getComputedStyle(cs,null).getPropertyValue('white-space'):0);preformatted=whitespace&&'pre'===whitespace.substring(0,3)}var lineNums=cs.className.match(/\blinenums\b(?::(\d+))?/);lineNums=lineNums?lineNums[1]&&lineNums[1].length?+lineNums[1]:true:false;if(lineNums){numberLines(cs,lineNums,preformatted)}prettyPrintingJob={langExtension:langExtension,sourceNode:cs,numberLines:lineNums,pre:preformatted};applyDecorator(prettyPrintingJob)}}}if(k<elements.length){setTimeout(doWork,250)}else if(opt_whenDone){opt_whenDone()}}doWork()}var PR=win['PR']={'createSimpleLexer':createSimpleLexer,'registerLangHandler':registerLangHandler,'sourceDecorator':sourceDecorator,'PR_ATTRIB_NAME':PR_ATTRIB_NAME,'PR_ATTRIB_VALUE':PR_ATTRIB_VALUE,'PR_COMMENT':PR_COMMENT,'PR_DECLARATION':PR_DECLARATION,'PR_KEYWORD':PR_KEYWORD,'PR_LITERAL':PR_LITERAL,'PR_NOCODE':PR_NOCODE,'PR_PLAIN':PR_PLAIN,'PR_PUNCTUATION':PR_PUNCTUATION,'PR_SOURCE':PR_SOURCE,'PR_STRING':PR_STRING,'PR_TAG':PR_TAG,'PR_TYPE':PR_TYPE,'prettyPrintOne':win['prettyPrintOne']=prettyPrintOne,'prettyPrint':win['prettyPrint']=prettyPrint};if(typeof define==="function"&&define['amd']){define("google-code-prettify",[],function(){return PR})}})();//]]>
    </script>
    <script>
      prettyPrint();
    </script>

Bước 3: Add đoạn mã sau đây vào trước đoạn code   ]]></b:skin>

.kwd{color:#93C763}
.com{color:#66747B}
.typ{color:#678CB1}
.lit{color:#FACD22}
.tag{color:#8AC763}
.atn{color:#E0E2E4}
.dec{color:purple}
pre.prettyprint{width: auto; overflow: auto; max-height: 400px; border:0 solid #888; font: 12px Consolas;}
.prettyprint{background:#000}
li.L0,li.L1,li.L2,li.L3,li.L4,li.L5,li.L6,li.L7,li.L8,li.L9{color:#555;list-style-type:decimal}
li.L1,li.L3,li.L5,li.L7,li.L9{background:#111}
.str,.atv{color:#EC7600}
.pun,.pln{color:#F1F2F3}
.prettyprinted{word-wrap:break-word;background:#000;border-radius:10px}
@media print {
.com{color:#600;font-style:italic}
.typ{color:#404;font-weight:700}
.lit{color:#044}
.pun{color:#440}
.pln{color:#000}
.atn{color:#404}
.str,.atv{color:#060}
.kwd,.tag{color:#006;font-weight:700}
}

Bước 4: Save Template lại


============================================================
Sau đó trong bài viết ta Add tag 

<pre class="prettyprint linenums lang-*">
/* This is a comment  
lang-* ==> Ta thay ký tự * bằng bsh, c, cc, cpp, cs, csh, cyc, cv, htm, html, java, js, m, mxml, perl, pl, pm, py, rb, sh, xhtml, xml, xsl để hiển thị ngôn ngữ
vd: lang-cpp, lang-html, lang-....
 */
... some code...
int x = foo();
int y = bar();
</pre>

Ta được kết quả như sau:

/* This is a comment */
... some code...
int x = foo();
int y = bar();

~END~